Which of the following is NOT typically covered in financial literacy programs?

The philosophy of money is often more abstract and theoretical compared to the other topics, which focus on practical skills and knowledge necessary for managing personal finances. Financial literacy programs primarily aim to equip individuals with actionable skills and insights that directly impact their financial decision-making.

Basic budgeting techniques are fundamental for managing day-to-day finances, helping individuals understand how to allocate income effectively. Investment strategies provide guidance on growing wealth through various financial products and understanding the risks and returns associated with investing. Understanding credit and debt is crucial for making informed decisions about loans, credit cards, and managing financial obligations.

In contrast, while the philosophy of money can enrich one’s understanding of financial concepts and values, it does not directly provide the practical skills needed to navigate financial concerns on a day-to-day basis. Thus, it is less commonly included in financial literacy programs focused on immediate financial management needs.